Introduction
Biodiversity is critical in any self-sustaining environment. Complex and diverse ecological systems are made up of many organisms and a huge variety of interactions. Simple ecosystems have few organisms, few interactions, and are often fragile. All ecosystems, whether diverse or sparse, involve an intimate interaction of living things with their abiotic environment. Biodiversity implies variety, and variety in an ecosystem often ensures a greater chance of survival in a changing world.
The Earth is losing its biodiversity at a worrisome rate. Humans simplify ecosystems for many reasons: to increase the agricultural base, to make way for cities and industrial zones, or for aesthetic reasons, such as making lawns and gardens. This practice has direct effects upon many abiotic factors within an environment. The air temperatures found in cities, for instance, are usually significantly higher than that in surrounding, non-urbanized areas. Such cities are said to produce heat islands. An area’s biodiversity has profound effects upon the physical and biological makeup of an ecosystem.
Objectives
In this experiment, you will
- Examine how biodiversity affects an environment’s temperature.
- Determine how animal diversity changes in different environments.
- Work with your classmates to compare biodiversity in areas with different plant patch sizes.
Sensors and Equipment
This experiment features the following sensors and equipment. Additional equipment may be required.
Correlations
Teaching to an educational standard? This experiment supports the standards below.
- International Baccalaureate (IB)/Environmental Systems and Societies
- 2.5 Investigation ecosystems
- International Baccalaureate (IB) 2025/Biology
- A4.2.3—Causes of anthropogenic species extinction
- A4.2.4—Causes of ecosystem loss
- A4.2.7—Need for several approaches to conservation of biodiversity
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Purchase the Lab Book
This experiment is #15 of Biology with Vernier. The experiment in the book includes student instructions as well as instructor information for set up, helpful hints, and sample graphs and data.
