Core

1. Cell Biology

• 1.1 Introduction to Cells
• 1.3 Membrane Structure
• 1.4 Membrane Transport
• 1.6 Cell Division

2. Molecular biology

• 2.3 Carbohydrates and Lipids
• 2.4 Proteins
• 2.5 Enzymes
• 2.8 Cell Respiration
• 2.9 Photosynthesis

3. Genetics

• 3.2 Chromosomes
• 3.3 Meiosis
• 3.4 Inheritance
• 3.5 Genetic Modification and Biotechnology

4. Ecology

• 4.1 Species, Communities and Ecosystems
• 4.2 Energy Flow
• 4.3 Carbon Cycling
• 4.4 Climate Change

5. Evolution and biodiversity

• 5.1 Evidence for Evolution
• 5.2 Natural Selection
• 5.4 Cladistics

6. Human physiology

• 6.2 The Blood System
• 6.4 Gas Exchange
• 6.5 Neurons and Synapses

Additional Higher Level (AHL)

7. Nucleic Acids

• 7.2 Transcription and Gene Expression

8. Metabolism, Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis

• 8.1 Metabolism
• 8.3 Photosynthesis

9. Plant Biology

• 9.1 Transport in the Xylem of Plants

10. Genetics and evolution

• 10.1 Meiosis
• 10.2 Inheritance
• 10.3 Gene Pools and Speciation

11. Animal physiology

• 11.2 Movement

Options

A. Neurobiology and behaviour

• A.3 Perception of Stimuli
• A.4 Innate and Learned Behaviour (Higher Level)
• A.5 Neuropharmacology (Higher Level)
• A.6 Ethology (Higher Level)

B. Biotechnology and Bioinformatics

• B.1 Microbiology: Organisms in Industry
• B.2 Biotechnology in Agriculture
• B.3 Environmental Protection

C. Ecology and Conservation

• C.1 Species and Communities
• C.2 Communities and Ecosystems
• C.3 Impacts of Humans on Ecosystems
• C.5 Population Ecology (Higher Level)
• C.6 Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycles (Higher Level)

D. Human Physiology

• D.3 Functions of the Liver
• D.4 The Heart
• D.6 Transport of Respiratory Gases (Higher Level)

Prescribed Practicals

1.4 Membrane Transport

• Estimation of osmolarity in tissues by bathing samples in hypotonic and hypertonic solutions

2.5 Enzymes

• Experimental investigation of a factor affecting enzyme activity

2.9 Photosynthesis

• Separation of photosynthetic pigments by chromatograph

4.1 Species, Communities and Ecosystems

• Setting up sealed mesocosms to try to establish sustainability

6.4 Gas Exchange

• Monitoring of ventilation in humans at rest and after mild and vigorous exercise

9.1 Transport in the Xylem of Plants

• Measurement of transpiration rates using potometers